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1475. 商品折扣后的最终价格

题目描述

给你一个数组 prices ,其中 prices[i] 是商店里第 i 件商品的价格。

商店里正在进行促销活动,如果你要买第 i 件商品,那么你可以得到与 prices[j] 相等的折扣,其中 j 是满足 j > i 且 prices[j] <= prices[i] 的 最小下标 ,如果没有满足条件的 j ,你将没有任何折扣。

请你返回一个数组,数组中第 i 个元素是折扣后你购买商品 i 最终需要支付的价格。

 

示例 1:

输入:prices = [8,4,6,2,3]
输出:[4,2,4,2,3]
解释:
商品 0 的价格为 price[0]=8 ,你将得到 prices[1]=4 的折扣,所以最终价格为 8 - 4 = 4 。
商品 1 的价格为 price[1]=4 ,你将得到 prices[3]=2 的折扣,所以最终价格为 4 - 2 = 2 。
商品 2 的价格为 price[2]=6 ,你将得到 prices[3]=2 的折扣,所以最终价格为 6 - 2 = 4 。
商品 3 和 4 都没有折扣。

示例 2:

输入:prices = [1,2,3,4,5]
输出:[1,2,3,4,5]
解释:在这个例子中,所有商品都没有折扣。

示例 3:

输入:prices = [10,1,1,6]
输出:[9,0,1,6]

 

提示:

  • 1 <= prices.length <= 500
  • 1 <= prices[i] <= 10^3

解法

方法一:暴力枚举

按题意模拟,采用双重循环枚举 ij

时间复杂度为 $O(n^2)$,忽略结果数组的空间消耗,空间复杂度 $O(1)$。

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class Solution:
    def finalPrices(self, prices: List[int]) -> List[int]:
        ans = []
        for i, v in enumerate(prices):
            ans.append(v)
            for j in range(i + 1, len(prices)):
                if prices[j] <= v:
                    ans[-1] -= prices[j]
                    break
        return ans
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class Solution {
    public int[] finalPrices(int[] prices) {
        int n = prices.length;
        int[] ans = new int[n];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            ans[i] = prices[i];
            for (int j = i + 1; j < n; ++j) {
                if (prices[j] <= prices[i]) {
                    ans[i] -= prices[j];
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }
}
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class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> finalPrices(vector<int>& prices) {
        int n = prices.size();
        vector<int> ans(n);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            ans[i] = prices[i];
            for (int j = i + 1; j < n; ++j) {
                if (prices[j] <= prices[i]) {
                    ans[i] -= prices[j];
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }
};
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func finalPrices(prices []int) []int {
    n := len(prices)
    ans := make([]int, n)
    for i, v := range prices {
        ans[i] = v
        for j := i + 1; j < n; j++ {
            if prices[j] <= v {
                ans[i] -= prices[j]
                break
            }
        }
    }
    return ans
}
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function finalPrices(prices: number[]): number[] {
    const n = prices.length;
    const ans = new Array(n);
    for (let i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        ans[i] = prices[i];
        for (let j = i + 1; j < n; ++j) {
            if (prices[j] <= prices[i]) {
                ans[i] -= prices[j];
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    return ans;
}
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impl Solution {
    pub fn final_prices(prices: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
        let n = prices.len();
        let mut stack = Vec::new();
        let mut res = vec![0; n];
        for i in (0..n).rev() {
            let price = prices[i];
            while !stack.is_empty() && *stack.last().unwrap() > price {
                stack.pop();
            }
            res[i] = price - stack.last().unwrap_or(&0);
            stack.push(price);
        }
        res
    }
}
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/**
 * @param {number[]} prices
 * @return {number[]}
 */
var finalPrices = function (prices) {
    for (let i = 0; i < prices.length; i++) {
        for (let j = i + 1; j < prices.length; j++) {
            if (prices[i] >= prices[j]) {
                prices[i] -= prices[j];
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    return prices;
};
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class Solution {
    /**
     * @param Integer[] $prices
     * @return Integer[]
     */
    function finalPrices($prices) {
        for ($i = 0; $i < count($prices); $i++) {
            for ($j = $i + 1; $j < count($prices); $j++) {
                if ($prices[$i] >= $prices[$j]) {
                    $prices[$i] -= $prices[$j];
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return $prices;
    }
}

方法二:单调栈

单调栈常见模型:找出每个数左/右边离它最近的比它大/小的数。模板:

stk = []
for i in range(n):
    while stk and check(stk[-1], i):
        stk.pop()
    stk.append(i)

本题我们可以采用正序、逆序两种方式遍历数组 prices

时间复杂度 $O(n)$,其中 $n$ 表示数组 prices 的长度。

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class Solution:
    def finalPrices(self, prices: List[int]) -> List[int]:
        stk = []
        ans = prices[:]
        for i, v in enumerate(prices):
            while stk and prices[stk[-1]] >= v:
                ans[stk.pop()] -= v
            stk.append(i)
        return ans
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class Solution {
    public int[] finalPrices(int[] prices) {
        Deque<Integer> stk = new ArrayDeque<>();
        int n = prices.length;
        int[] ans = new int[n];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            ans[i] = prices[i];
            while (!stk.isEmpty() && prices[stk.peek()] >= prices[i]) {
                ans[stk.pop()] -= prices[i];
            }
            stk.push(i);
        }
        return ans;
    }
}
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class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> finalPrices(vector<int>& prices) {
        stack<int> stk;
        vector<int> ans = prices;
        for (int i = 0; i < prices.size(); ++i) {
            while (!stk.empty() && prices[stk.top()] >= prices[i]) {
                ans[stk.top()] -= prices[i];
                stk.pop();
            }
            stk.push(i);
        }
        return ans;
    }
};
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func finalPrices(prices []int) []int {
    var stk []int
    n := len(prices)
    ans := make([]int, n)
    for i, v := range prices {
        ans[i] = v
        for len(stk) > 0 && prices[stk[len(stk)-1]] >= v {
            ans[stk[len(stk)-1]] -= v
            stk = stk[:len(stk)-1]
        }
        stk = append(stk, i)
    }
    return ans
}
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function finalPrices(prices: number[]): number[] {
    const n = prices.length;
    const stk = [];
    const ans = new Array(n);
    for (let i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        ans[i] = prices[i];
        while (stk.length && prices[stk[stk.length - 1]] >= prices[i]) {
            ans[stk.pop()] -= prices[i];
        }
        stk.push(i);
    }
    return ans;
}

方法三

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class Solution:
    def finalPrices(self, prices: List[int]) -> List[int]:
        stk = []
        ans = prices[:]
        for i in range(len(prices) - 1, -1, -1):
            while stk and prices[stk[-1]] > prices[i]:
                stk.pop()
            if stk:
                ans[i] -= prices[stk[-1]]
            stk.append(i)
        return ans
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class Solution {
    public int[] finalPrices(int[] prices) {
        Deque<Integer> stk = new ArrayDeque<>();
        int n = prices.length;
        int[] ans = new int[n];
        for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            ans[i] = prices[i];
            while (!stk.isEmpty() && prices[stk.peek()] > prices[i]) {
                stk.pop();
            }
            if (!stk.isEmpty()) {
                ans[i] -= prices[stk.peek()];
            }
            stk.push(i);
        }
        return ans;
    }
}
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class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> finalPrices(vector<int>& prices) {
        stack<int> stk;
        int n = prices.size();
        vector<int> ans(n);
        for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            ans[i] = prices[i];
            while (!stk.empty() && prices[stk.top()] > prices[i]) {
                stk.pop();
            }
            if (!stk.empty()) {
                ans[i] -= prices[stk.top()];
            }
            stk.push(i);
        }
        return ans;
    }
};
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func finalPrices(prices []int) []int {
    stk := []int{}
    n := len(prices)
    ans := make([]int, n)
    for i := n - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
        ans[i] = prices[i]
        for len(stk) > 0 && prices[stk[len(stk)-1]] > prices[i] {
            stk = stk[:len(stk)-1]
        }
        if len(stk) > 0 {
            ans[i] -= prices[stk[len(stk)-1]]
        }
        stk = append(stk, i)
    }
    return ans
}
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function finalPrices(prices: number[]): number[] {
    const n = prices.length;
    const stack = [];
    const res = new Array(n);
    for (let i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        const price = prices[i];
        while (stack.length !== 0 && stack[stack.length - 1] > price) {
            stack.pop();
        }
        res[i] = price - (stack[stack.length - 1] ?? 0);
        stack.push(price);
    }
    return res;
}

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