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943. Find the Shortest Superstring

Description

Given an array of strings words, return the smallest string that contains each string in words as a substring. If there are multiple valid strings of the smallest length, return any of them.

You may assume that no string in words is a substring of another string in words.

 

Example 1:

Input: words = ["alex","loves","leetcode"]
Output: "alexlovesleetcode"
Explanation: All permutations of "alex","loves","leetcode" would also be accepted.

Example 2:

Input: words = ["catg","ctaagt","gcta","ttca","atgcatc"]
Output: "gctaagttcatgcatc"

 

Constraints:

  • 1 <= words.length <= 12
  • 1 <= words[i].length <= 20
  • words[i] consists of lowercase English letters.
  • All the strings of words are unique.

Solutions

Solution 1

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class Solution:
    def shortestSuperstring(self, words: List[str]) -> str:
        n = len(words)
        g = [[0] * n for _ in range(n)]
        for i, a in enumerate(words):
            for j, b in enumerate(words):
                if i != j:
                    for k in range(min(len(a), len(b)), 0, -1):
                        if a[-k:] == b[:k]:
                            g[i][j] = k
                            break
        dp = [[0] * n for _ in range(1 << n)]
        p = [[-1] * n for _ in range(1 << n)]
        for i in range(1 << n):
            for j in range(n):
                if (i >> j) & 1:
                    pi = i ^ (1 << j)
                    for k in range(n):
                        if (pi >> k) & 1:
                            v = dp[pi][k] + g[k][j]
                            if v > dp[i][j]:
                                dp[i][j] = v
                                p[i][j] = k
        j = 0
        for i in range(n):
            if dp[-1][i] > dp[-1][j]:
                j = i
        arr = [j]
        i = (1 << n) - 1
        while p[i][j] != -1:
            i, j = i ^ (1 << j), p[i][j]
            arr.append(j)
        arr = arr[::-1]
        vis = set(arr)
        arr.extend([j for j in range(n) if j not in vis])
        ans = [words[arr[0]]] + [words[j][g[i][j] :] for i, j in pairwise(arr)]
        return ''.join(ans)

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class Solution {
    public String shortestSuperstring(String[] words) {
        int n = words.length;
        int[][] g = new int[n][n];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            String a = words[i];
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                String b = words[j];
                if (i != j) {
                    for (int k = Math.min(a.length(), b.length()); k > 0; --k) {
                        if (a.substring(a.length() - k).equals(b.substring(0, k))) {
                            g[i][j] = k;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        int[][] dp = new int[1 << n][n];
        int[][] p = new int[1 << n][n];
        for (int i = 0; i < 1 << n; ++i) {
            Arrays.fill(p[i], -1);
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                if (((i >> j) & 1) == 1) {
                    int pi = i ^ (1 << j);
                    for (int k = 0; k < n; ++k) {
                        if (((pi >> k) & 1)