1807. Evaluate the Bracket Pairs of a String
Description
You are given a string s
that contains some bracket pairs, with each pair containing a non-empty key.
- For example, in the string
"(name)is(age)yearsold"
, there are two bracket pairs that contain the keys"name"
and"age"
.
You know the values of a wide range of keys. This is represented by a 2D string array knowledge
where each knowledge[i] = [keyi, valuei]
indicates that key keyi
has a value of valuei
.
You are tasked to evaluate all of the bracket pairs. When you evaluate a bracket pair that contains some key keyi
, you will:
- Replace
keyi
and the bracket pair with the key's correspondingvaluei
. - If you do not know the value of the key, you will replace
keyi
and the bracket pair with a question mark"?"
(without the quotation marks).
Each key will appear at most once in your knowledge
. There will not be any nested brackets in s
.
Return the resulting string after evaluating all of the bracket pairs.
Example 1:
Input: s = "(name)is(age)yearsold", knowledge = [["name","bob"],["age","two"]] Output: "bobistwoyearsold" Explanation: The key "name" has a value of "bob", so replace "(name)" with "bob". The key "age" has a value of "two", so replace "(age)" with "two".
Example 2:
Input: s = "hi(name)", knowledge = [["a","b"]] Output: "hi?" Explanation: As you do not know the value of the key "name", replace "(name)" with "?".
Example 3:
Input: s = "(a)(a)(a)aaa", knowledge = [["a","yes"]] Output: "yesyesyesaaa" Explanation: The same key can appear multiple times. The key "a" has a value of "yes", so replace all occurrences of "(a)" with "yes". Notice that the "a"s not in a bracket pair are not evaluated.
Constraints:
1 <= s.length <= 105
0 <= knowledge.length <= 105
knowledge[i].length == 2
1 <= keyi.length, valuei.length <= 10
s
consists of lowercase English letters and round brackets'('
and')'
.- Every open bracket
'('
ins
will have a corresponding close bracket')'
. - The key in each bracket pair of
s
will be non-empty. - There will not be any nested bracket pairs in
s
. keyi
andvaluei
consist of lowercase English letters.- Each
keyi
inknowledge
is unique.
Solutions
Solution 1: Hash Table + Simulation
First, we use a hash table $d$ to record the key-value pairs in knowledge
.
Then we traverse the string $s$. If the current character is an open parenthesis '('
, we start traversing from the current position until we encounter a close parenthesis ')'
. At this point, the string within the parentheses is the key. We look for the corresponding value of this key in the hash table $d$. If found, we replace the value within the parentheses with it, otherwise, we replace it with '?'
.
The time complexity is $O(n + m)$, and the space complexity is $O(L)$. Here, $n$ and $m$ are the lengths of the string $s$ and the list knowledge
respectively, and $L$ is the sum of the lengths of all strings in knowledge
.
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