635. Design Log Storage System 🔒

Description

You are given several logs, where each log contains a unique ID and timestamp. Timestamp is a string that has the following format: Year:Month:Day:Hour:Minute:Second, for example, 2017:01:01:23:59:59. All domains are zero-padded decimal numbers.

Implement the LogSystem class:

• LogSystem() Initializes the LogSystem object.
• void put(int id, string timestamp) Stores the given log (id, timestamp) in your storage system.
• int[] retrieve(string start, string end, string granularity) Returns the IDs of the logs whose timestamps are within the range from start to end inclusive. start and end all have the same format as timestamp, and granularity means how precise the range should be (i.e. to the exact Day, Minute, etc.). For example, start = "2017:01:01:23:59:59", end = "2017:01:02:23:59:59", and granularity = "Day" means that we need to find the logs within the inclusive range from Jan. 1st 2017 to Jan. 2nd 2017, and the Hour, Minute, and Second for each log entry can be ignored.

 

Example 1:

Input
["LogSystem", "put", "put", "put", "retrieve", "retrieve"]
[[], [1, "2017:01:01:23:59:59"], [2, "2017:01:01:22:59:59"], [3, "2016:01:01:00:00:00"], ["2016:01:01:01:01:01", "2017:01:01:23:00:00", "Year"], ["2016:01:01:01:01:01", "2017:01:01:23:00:00", "Hour"]]
Output
[null, null, null, null, [3, 2, 1], [2, 1]]

Explanation
LogSystem logSystem = new LogSystem();
logSystem.put(1, "2017:01:01:23:59:59");
logSystem.put(2, "2017:01:01:22:59:59");
logSystem.put(3, "2016:01:01:00:00:00");

// return [3,2,1], because you need to return all logs between 2016 and 2017.
logSystem.retrieve("2016:01:01:01:01:01", "2017:01:01:23:00:00", "Year");

// return [2,1], because you need to return all logs between Jan. 1, 2016 01:XX:XX and Jan. 1, 2017 23:XX:XX.
// Log 3 is not returned because Jan. 1, 2016 00:00:00 comes before the start of the range.
logSystem.retrieve("2016:01:01:01:01:01", "2017:01:01:23:00:00", "Hour");

 

Constraints:

• 1 <= id <= 500
• 2000 <= Year <= 2017
• 1 <= Month <= 12
• 1 <= Day <= 31
• 0 <= Hour <= 23
• 0 <= Minute, Second <= 59
• granularity is one of the values ["Year", "Month", "Day", "Hour", "Minute", "Second"].
• At most 500 calls will be made to put and retrieve.

Solutions

Solution 1: String Comparison

Store the id and timestamp of the logs as tuples in an array. Then in the retrieve() method, truncate the corresponding parts of start and end based on granularity, and traverse the array, adding the id that meets the conditions to the result array.

In terms of time complexity, the time complexity of the put() method is $O(1)$, and the time complexity of the retrieve() method is $O(n)$, where $n$ is the length of the array.

Python3JavaC++Go

class LogSystem:
    def __init__(self):
        self.logs = []
        self.d = {
            "Year": 4,
            "Month": 7,
            "Day": 10,
            "Hour": 13,
            "Minute": 16,
            "Second": 19,
        }

    def put(self, id: int, timestamp: str) -> None:
        self.logs.append((id, timestamp))

    def retrieve(self, start: str, end: str, granularity: str) -> List[int]:
        i = self.d[granularity]
        return [id for id, ts in self.logs if start[:i] <= ts[:i] <= end[:i]]


# Your LogSystem object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = LogSystem()
# obj.put(id,timestamp)
# param_2 = obj.retrieve(start,end,granularity)

class LogSystem {
    private List<Log> logs = new ArrayList<>();
    private Map<String, Integer> d = new HashMap<>();

    public LogSystem() {
        d.put("Year", 4);
        d.put("Month", 7);
        d.put("Day", 10);
        d.put("Hour", 13);
        d.put("Minute", 16);
        d.put("Second", 19);
    }

    public void put(int id, String timestamp) {
        logs.add(new Log(id, timestamp));
    }

    public List<Integer> retrieve(String start, String end, String granularity) {
        List<Integer> ans = new ArrayList<>();
        int i = d.get(granularity);
        String s = start.substring(0, i);
        String e = end.substring(0, i);
        for (var log : logs) {
            String t = log.ts.substring(0, i);
            if (s.compareTo(t) <= 0 && t.compareTo(e) <= 0) {
                ans.add(log.id);
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }
}

class Log {
    int id;
    String ts;

    Log(int id, String ts) {
        this.id = id;
        this.ts = ts;
    }
}

/**
 * Your LogSystem object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * LogSystem obj = new LogSystem();
 * obj.put(id,timestamp);
 * List<Integer> param_2 = obj.retrieve(start,end,granularity);
 */

class LogSystem {
public:
    LogSystem() {
        d["Year"] = 4;
        d["Month"] = 7;
        d["Day"] = 10;
        d["Hour"] = 13;
        d["Minute"] = 16;
        d["Second"] = 19;
    }

    void put(int id, string timestamp) {
        logs.push_back({id, timestamp});
    }

    vector<int> retrieve(string start, string end, string granularity) {
        vector<int> ans;
        int i = d[granularity];
        auto s = start.substr(0, i);
        auto e = end.substr(0, i);
        for (auto& [id, ts] : logs) {
            auto t = ts.substr(0, i);
            if (s <= t && t <= e) {
                ans.emplace_back(id);
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }

private:
    vector<pair<int, string>> logs;
    unordered_map<string, int> d;
};

/**
 * Your LogSystem object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * LogSystem* obj = new LogSystem();
 * obj->put(id,timestamp);
 * vector<int> param_2 = obj->retrieve(start,end,granularity);
 */

type LogSystem struct {
    logs []pair
    d    map[string]int
}

func Constructor() LogSystem {
    d := map[string]int{
        "Year":   4,
        "Month":  7,
        "Day":    10,
        "Hour":   13,
        "Minute": 16,
        "Second": 19,
    }
    return LogSystem{[]pair{}, d}
}

func (this *LogSystem) Put(id int, timestamp string) {
    this.logs = append(this.logs, pair{id, timestamp})
}

func (this *LogSystem) Retrieve(start string, end string, granularity string) (ans []int) {
    i := this.d[granularity]
    s, e := start[:i], end[:i]
    for _, log := range this.logs {
        t := log.ts[:i]
        if s <= t && t <= e {
            ans = append(ans, log.id)
        }
    }
    return
}

type pair struct {
    id int
    ts string
}

/**
 * Your LogSystem object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * obj := Constructor();
 * obj.Put(id,timestamp);
 * param_2 := obj.Retrieve(start,end,granularity);
 */

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