1245. Tree Diameter 🔒

Description

The diameter of a tree is the number of edges in the longest path in that tree.

There is an undirected tree of n nodes labeled from 0 to n - 1. You are given a 2D array edges where edges.length == n - 1 and edges[i] = [ai, bi] indicates that there is an undirected edge between nodes ai and bi in the tree.

Return the diameter of the tree.

 

Example 1:

Input: edges = [[0,1],[0,2]]
Output: 2
Explanation: The longest path of the tree is the path 1 - 0 - 2.

Example 2:

Input: edges = [[0,1],[1,2],[2,3],[1,4],[4,5]]
Output: 4
Explanation: The longest path of the tree is the path 3 - 2 - 1 - 4 - 5.

 

Constraints:

• n == edges.length + 1
• 1 <= n <= 104
• 0 <= ai, bi < n
• ai != bi

Solutions

Solution 1: Two DFS Passes

First, we arbitrarily select a node and start a depth-first search (DFS) from this node to find the farthest node from it, denoted as node $a$. Then, we start another DFS from node $a$ to find the farthest node from node $a$, denoted as node $b$. It can be proven that the path between node $a$ and node $b$ is the diameter of the tree.

Time complexity is $O(n)$, and space complexity is $O(n)$, where $n$ is the number of nodes.

Similar problems:

• 1522. Diameter of N-Ary Tree 🔒

Python3JavaC++GoTypeScript

class Solution:
    def treeDiameter(self, edges: List[List[int]]) -> int:
        def dfs(i: int, fa: int, t: int):
            for j in g[i]:
                if j != fa:
                    dfs(j, i, t + 1)
            nonlocal ans, a
            if ans < t:
                ans = t
                a = i

        g = defaultdict(list)
        for a, b in edges:
            g[a].append(b)
            g[b].append(a)
        ans = a = 0
        dfs(0, -1, 0)
        dfs(a, -1, 0)
        return ans

class Solution {
    private List<Integer>[] g;
    private int ans;
    private int a;

    public int treeDiameter(int[][] edges) {
        int n = edges.length + 1;
        g = new List[n];
        Arrays.setAll(g, k -> new ArrayList<>());
        for (var e : edges) {
            int a = e[0], b = e[1];
            g[a].add(b);
            g[b].add(a);
        }
        dfs(0, -1, 0);
        dfs(a, -1, 0);
        return ans;
    }

    private void dfs(int i, int fa, int t) {
        for (int j : g[i]) {
            if (j != fa) {
                dfs(j, i, t + 1);
            }
        }
        if (ans < t) {
            ans = t;
            a = i;
        }
    }
}

class Solution {
public:
    int treeDiameter(vector<vector<int>>& edges) {
        int n = edges.size() + 1;
        vector<int> g[n];
        for (auto& e : edges) {
            int a = e[0], b = e[1];
            g[a].push_back(b);
            g[b].push_back(a);
        }
        int ans = 0, a = 0;
        auto dfs = [&](auto&& dfs, int i, int fa, int t) -> void {
            for (int j : g[i]) {
                if (j != fa) {
                    dfs(dfs, j, i, t + 1);
                }
            }
            if (ans < t) {
                ans = t;
                a = i;
            }
        };
        dfs(dfs, 0, -1, 0);
        dfs(dfs, a, -1, 0);
        return ans;
    }
};

func treeDiameter(edges [][]int) (ans int) {
    n := len(edges) + 1
    g := make([][]int, n)
    for _, e := range edges {
        a, b := e[0], e[1]
        g[a] = append(g[a], b)
        g[b] = append(g[b], a)
    }
    a := 0
    var dfs func(i, fa, t int)
    dfs = func(i, fa, t int) {
        for _, j := range g[i] {
            if j != fa {
                dfs(j, i, t+1)
            }
        }
        if ans < t {
            ans = t
            a = i
        }
    }
    dfs(0, -1, 0)
    dfs(a, -1, 0)
    return
}

function treeDiameter(edges: number[][]): number {
    const n = edges.length + 1;
    const g: number[][] = Array.from({ length: n }, () => []);
    for (const [a, b] of edges) {
        g[a].push(b);
        g[b].push(a);
    }
    let [ans, a] = [0, 0];
    const dfs = (i: number, fa: number, t: number): void => {
        for (const j of g[i]) {
            if (j !== fa) {
                dfs(j, i, t + 1);
            }
        }
        if (ans < t) {
            ans = t;
            a = i;
        }
    };
    dfs(0, -1, 0);
    dfs(a, -1, 0);
    return ans;
}

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