2338. Count the Number of Ideal Arrays

Description

You are given two integers n and maxValue, which are used to describe an ideal array.

A 0-indexed integer array arr of length n is considered ideal if the following conditions hold:

Every arr[i] is a value from 1 to maxValue, for 0 <= i < n.
Every arr[i] is divisible by arr[i - 1], for 0 < i < n.

Return the number of distinct ideal arrays of length n. Since the answer may be very large, return it modulo 10⁹ + 7.

Example 1:

Input: n = 2, maxValue = 5
Output: 10
Explanation: The following are the possible ideal arrays:
- Arrays starting with the value 1 (5 arrays): [1,1], [1,2], [1,3], [1,4], [1,5]
- Arrays starting with the value 2 (2 arrays): [2,2], [2,4]
- Arrays starting with the value 3 (1 array): [3,3]
- Arrays starting with the value 4 (1 array): [4,4]
- Arrays starting with the value 5 (1 array): [5,5]
There are a total of 5 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 10 distinct ideal arrays.

Example 2:

Input: n = 5, maxValue = 3
Output: 11
Explanation: The following are the possible ideal arrays:
- Arrays starting with the value 1 (9 arrays): 
   - With no other distinct values (1 array): [1,1,1,1,1] 
   - With 2^nd distinct value 2 (4 arrays): [1,1,1,1,2], [1,1,1,2,2], [1,1,2,2,2], [1,2,2,2,2]
   - With 2^nd distinct value 3 (4 arrays): [1,1,1,1,3], [1,1,1,3,3], [1,1,3,3,3], [1,3,3,3,3]
- Arrays starting with the value 2 (1 array): [2,2,2,2,2]
- Arrays starting with the value 3 (1 array): [3,3,3,3,3]
There are a total of 9 + 1 + 1 = 11 distinct ideal arrays.

Constraints:

2 <= n <= 10⁴
1 <= maxValue <= 10⁴

Solutions

Solution 1

Python3JavaC++Go

class Solution:
    def idealArrays(self, n: int, maxValue: int) -> int:
        @cache
        def dfs(i, cnt):
            res = c[-1][cnt - 1]
            if cnt < n:
                k = 2
                while k * i <= maxValue:
                    res = (res + dfs(k * i, cnt + 1)) % mod
                    k += 1
            return res

        c = [[0] * 16 for _ in range(n)]
        mod = 10**9 + 7
        for i in range(n):
            for j in range(min(16, i + 1)):
                c[i][j] = 1 if j == 0 else (c[i - 1][j] + c[i - 1][j - 1]) % mod
        ans = 0
        for i in range(1, maxValue + 1):
            ans = (ans + dfs(i, 1)) % mod
        return ans

class Solution {
    private int[][] f;
    private int[][] c;
    private int n;
    private int m;
    private static final int MOD = (int) 1e9 + 7;

    public int idealArrays(int n, int maxValue) {
        this.n = n;
        this.m = maxValue;
        this.f = new int[maxValue + 1][16];
        for (int[] row : f) {
            Arrays.fill(row, -1);
        }
        c = new int[n][16];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j <= i && j < 16; ++j) {
                c[i][j] = j == 0 ? 1 : (c[i - 1][j] + c[i - 1][j - 1]) % MOD;
            }
        }
        int ans = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) {
            ans = (ans + dfs(i, 1)) % MOD;
        }
        return ans;
    }

    private int dfs(int i, int cnt) {
        if (f[i][cnt] != -1) {
            return f[i][cnt];
        }
        int res = c[n - 1][cnt - 1];
        if (cnt < n) {
            for (int k = 2; k * i <= m; ++k) {
                res = (res + dfs(k * i, cnt + 1)) % MOD;
            }
        }
        f[i][cnt] = res;
        return res;
    }
}

class Solution {
public:
    int m, n;
    const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
    vector<vector<int>> f;
    vector<vector<int>> c;

    int idealArrays(int n, int maxValue) {
        this->m = maxValue;
        this->n = n;
        f.assign(maxValue + 1, vector<int>(16, -1));
        c.assign(n, vector<int>(16, 0));
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
            for (int j = 0; j <= i && j < 16; ++j)
                c[i][j] = !j ? 1 : (c[i - 1][j] + c[i - 1][j - 1]) % mod;
        int ans = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) ans = (ans + dfs(i, 1)) % mod;
        return ans;
    }

    int dfs(int i, int cnt) {
        if (f[i][cnt] != -1) return f[i][cnt];
        int res = c[n - 1][cnt - 1];
        if (cnt < n)
            for (int k = 2; k * i <= m; ++k)
                res = (res + dfs(k * i, cnt + 1)) % mod;
        f[i][cnt] = res;
        return res;
    }
};

func idealArrays(n int, maxValue int) int {
    mod := int(1e9) + 7
    m := maxValue
    c := make([][]int, n)
    f := make([][]int, m+1)
    for i := range c {
        c[i] = make([]int, 16)
    }
    for i := range f {
        f[i] = make([]int, 16)
        for j := range f[i] {
            f[i][j] = -1
        }
    }
    var dfs func(int, int) int
    dfs = func(i, cnt int) int {
        if f[i][cnt] != -1 {
            return f[i][cnt]
        }
        res := c[n-1][cnt-1]
        if cnt < n {
            for k := 2; k*i <= m; k++ {
                res = (res + dfs(k*i, cnt+1)) % mod
            }
        }
        f[i][cnt] = res
        return res
    }
    for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
        for j := 0; j <= i && j < 16; j++ {
            if j == 0 {
                c[i][j] = 1
            } else {
                c[i][j] = (c[i-1][j] + c[i-1][j-1]) % mod
            }
        }
    }
    ans := 0
    for i := 1; i <= m; i++ {
        ans = (ans + dfs(i, 1)) % mod
    }
    return ans
}

Solution 2