2. Add Two Numbers

Description

You are given two non-empty linked lists representing two non-negative integers. The digits are stored in reverse order, and each of their nodes contains a single digit. Add the two numbers and return the sum as a linked list.

You may assume the two numbers do not contain any leading zero, except the number 0 itself.

Example 1:

Input: l1 = [2,4,3], l2 = [5,6,4]
Output: [7,0,8]
Explanation: 342 + 465 = 807.

Example 2:

Input: l1 = [0], l2 = [0]
Output: [0]

Example 3:

Input: l1 = [9,9,9,9,9,9,9], l2 = [9,9,9,9]
Output: [8,9,9,9,0,0,0,1]

Constraints:

The number of nodes in each linked list is in the range [1, 100].
0 <= Node.val <= 9
It is guaranteed that the list represents a number that does not have leading zeros.

Solutions

Solution 1: Simulation

We traverse two linked lists \(l_1\) and \(l_2\) at the same time, and use the variable \(carry\) to indicate whether there is a carry.

Each time we traverse, we take out the current bit of the corresponding linked list, calculate the sum with the carry \(carry\), and then update the value of the carry. Then we add the current bit to the answer linked list. If both linked lists are traversed, and the carry is \(0\), the traversal ends.

Finally, we return the head node of the answer linked list.

The time complexity is \(O(\max (m, n))\), where \(m\) and \(n\) are the lengths of the two linked lists. We need to traverse the entire position of the two linked lists, and each position only needs \(O(1)\) time. Ignoring the space consumption of the answer, the space complexity is \(O(1)\).

Python3JavaC++GoTypeScriptRustJavaScriptC#PHPSwiftRubyNim

# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, next=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.next = next
class Solution:
    def addTwoNumbers(
        self, l1: Optional[ListNode], l2: Optional[ListNode]
    ) -> Optional[ListNode]:
        dummy = ListNode()
        carry, curr = 0, dummy
        while l1 or l2 or carry:
            s = (l1.val if l1 else 0) + (l2.val if l2 else 0) + carry
            carry, val = divmod(s, 10)
            curr.next = ListNode(val)
            curr = curr.next
            l1 = l1.next if l1 else None
            l2 = l2.next if l2 else None
        return dummy.next

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode() {}
 *     ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     ListNode(int val, ListNode next) { this.val = val; this.next = next; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public ListNode addTwoNumbers(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {
        ListNode dummy = new ListNode(0);
        int carry = 0;
        ListNode cur = dummy;
        while (l1 != null || l2 != null || carry != 0) {
            int s = (l1 == null ? 0 : l1.val) + (l2 == null ? 0 : l2.val) + carry;
            carry = s / 10;
            cur.next = new ListNode(s % 10);
            cur = cur.next;
            l1 = l1 == null ? null : l1.next;
            l2 = l2 == null ? null : l2.next;
        }
        return dummy.next;
    }
}

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* addTwoNumbers(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {
        ListNode* dummy = new ListNode();
        int carry = 0;
        ListNode* cur = dummy;
        while (l1 || l2 || carry) {
            int s = (l1 ? l1->val : 0) + (l2 ? l2->val : 0) + carry;
            carry = s / 10;
            cur->next = new ListNode(s % 10);
            cur = cur->next;
            l1 = l1 ? l1->next : nullptr;
            l2 = l2 ? l2->next : nullptr;
        }
        return dummy->next;
    }
};

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * type ListNode struct {
 *     Val int
 *     Next *ListNode
 * }
 */
func addTwoNumbers(l1 *ListNode, l2 *ListNode) *ListNode {
    dummy := &ListNode{}
    carry := 0
    cur := dummy
    for l1 != nil || l2 != nil || carry != 0 {
        s := carry
        if l1 != nil {
            s += l1.Val
        }
        if l2 != nil {
            s += l2.Val
        }
        carry = s / 10
        cur.Next = &ListNode{s % 10, nil}
        cur = cur.Next
        if l1 != nil {
            l1 = l1.Next
        }
        if l2 != nil {
            l2 = l2.Next
        }
    }
    return dummy.Next
}

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * class ListNode {
 *     val: number
 *     next: ListNode | null
 *     constructor(val?: number, next?: ListNode | null) {
 *         this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)
 *         this.next = (next===undefined ? null : next)
 *     }
 * }
 */

function addTwoNumbers(l1: ListNode | null, l2: ListNode | null): ListNode | null {
    const dummy = new ListNode();
    let cur = dummy;
    let sum = 0;
    while (l1 != null || l2 != null || sum !== 0) {
        if (l1 != null) {
            sum += l1.val;
            l1 = l1.next;
        }
        if (l2 != null) {
            sum += l2.val;
            l2 = l2.next;
        }
        cur.next = new ListNode(sum % 10);
        cur = cur.next;
        sum = Math.floor(sum / 10);
    }
    return dummy.next;
}

// Definition for singly-linked list.
// #[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Debug)]
// pub struct ListNode {
//   pub val: i32,
//   pub next: Option<Box<ListNode>>
// }
//
// impl ListNode {
//   #[inline]
//   fn new(val: i32) -> Self {
//     ListNode {
//       next: None,
//       val
//     }
//   }
// }
impl Solution {
    pub fn add_two_numbers(
        mut l1: Option<Box<ListNode>>,
        mut l2: Option<Box<ListNode>>,
    ) -> Option<Box<ListNode>> {
        let mut dummy = Some(Box::new(ListNode::new(0)));
        let mut cur = &mut dummy;
        let mut sum = 0;
        while l1.is_some() || l2.is_some() || sum != 0 {
            if let Some(node) = l1 {
                sum += node.val;
                l1 = node.next;
            }
            if let Some(node) = l2 {
                sum += node.val;
                l2 = node.next;
            }
            cur.as_mut().unwrap().next = Some(Box::new(ListNode::new(sum % 10)));
            cur = &mut cur.as_mut().unwrap().next;
            sum /= 10;
        }
        dummy.unwrap().next.take()
    }
}

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * function ListNode(val, next) {
 *     this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)
 *     this.next = (next===undefined ? null : next)
 * }
 */
/**
 * @param {ListNode} l1
 * @param {ListNode} l2
 * @return {ListNode}
 */
var addTwoNumbers = function (l1, l2) {
    const dummy = new ListNode();
    let carry = 0;
    let cur = dummy;
    while (l1 || l2 || carry) {
        const s = (l1?.val || 0) + (l2?.val || 0) + carry;
        carry = Math.floor(s / 10);
        cur.next = new ListNode(s % 10);
        cur = cur.next;
        l1 = l1?.next;
        l2 = l2?.next;
    }
    return dummy.next;
};

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     public int val;
 *     public ListNode next;
 *     public ListNode(int val=0, ListNode next=null) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.next = next;
 *     }
 * }
 */
public class Solution {
    public ListNode AddTwoNumbers(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {
        ListNode dummy = new ListNode();
        int carry = 0;
        ListNode cur = dummy;
        while (l1 != null || l2 != null || carry != 0) {
            int s = (l1 == null ? 0 : l1.val) + (l2 == null ? 0 : l2.val) + carry;
            carry = s / 10;
            cur.next = new ListNode(s % 10);
            cur = cur.next;
            l1 = l1 == null ? null : l1.next;
            l2 = l2 == null ? null : l2.next;
        }
        return dummy.next;
    }
}

/**
 * Definition for a singly-linked list.
 * class ListNode {
 *     public $val = 0;
 *     public $next = null;
 *     function __construct($val = 0, $next = null) {
 *         $this->val = $val;
 *         $this->next = $next;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    /**
     * @param ListNode $l1
     * @param ListNode $l2
     * @return ListNode
     */
    function addTwoNumbers($l1, $l2) {
        $dummy = new ListNode(0);
        $current = $dummy;
        $carry = 0;

        while ($l1 !== null || $l2 !== null) {
            $x = $l1 !== null ? $l1->val : 0;
            $y = $l2 !== null ? $l2->val : 0;

            $sum = $x + $y + $carry;
            $carry = (int) ($sum / 10);
            $current->next = new ListNode($sum % 10);
            $current = $current->next;

            if ($l1 !== null) {
                $l1 = $l1->next;
            }

            if ($l2 !== null) {
                $l2 = $l2->next;
            }
        }

        if ($carry > 0) {
            $current->next = new ListNode($carry);
        }

        return $dummy->next;
    }
}

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     public var val: Int
 *     public var next: ListNode?
 *     public init() { self.val = 0; self.next = nil; }
 *     public init(_ val: Int) { self.val = val; self.next = nil; }
 *     public init(_ val: Int, _ next: ListNode?) { self.val = val; self.next = next; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    func addTwoNumbers(_ l1: ListNode?, _ l2: ListNode?) -> ListNode? {
        var dummy = ListNode.init()
        var carry = 0
        var l1 = l1
        var l2 = l2
        var cur = dummy
        while l1 != nil || l2 != nil || carry != 0 {
            let s = (l1?.val ?? 0) + (l2?.val ?? 0) + carry
            carry = s / 10
            cur.next = ListNode.init(s % 10)
            cur = cur.next!
            l1 = l1?.next
            l2 = l2?.next
        }
        return dummy.next
    }
}

# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode
#     attr_accessor :val, :next
#     def initialize(val = 0, _next = nil)
#         @val = val
#         @next = _next
#     end
# end
# @param {ListNode} l1
# @param {ListNode} l2
# @return {ListNode}
def add_two_numbers(l1, l2)
    dummy = ListNode.new()
    carry = 0
    cur = dummy
    while !l1.nil? || !l2.nil? || carry > 0
        s = (l1.nil? ? 0 : l1.val) + (l2.nil? ? 0 : l2.val) + carry
        carry = s / 10
        cur.next = ListNode.new(s % 10)
        cur = cur.next
        l1 = l1.nil? ? l1 : l1.next
        l2 = l2.nil? ? l2 : l2.next
    end
    dummy.next
end

#[
    # Driver code in the solution file
    # Definition for singly-linked list.
    type
    Node[int] = ref object
        value: int
        next: Node[int]

    SinglyLinkedList[T] = object
        head, tail: Node[T]
]#

# More efficient code churning ...
proc addTwoNumbers(l1: var SinglyLinkedList, l2: var SinglyLinkedList): SinglyLinkedList[int] =
  var
    aggregate: SinglyLinkedList
    psum: seq[char]
    temp_la, temp_lb: seq[int]

  while not l1.head.isNil:
    temp_la.add(l1.head.value)
    l1.head = l1.head.next

  while not l2.head.isNil:
    temp_lb.add(l2.head.value)
    l2.head = l2.head.next

  psum = reversed($(reversed(temp_la).join("").parseInt() + reversed(temp_lb).join("").parseInt()))
  for i in psum: aggregate.append(($i).parseInt())

  result = aggregate

2. Add Two Numbers

Description

Solutions

Solution 1: Simulation

Comments