1808. Maximize Number of Nice Divisors

Description

You are given a positive integer primeFactors. You are asked to construct a positive integer n that satisfies the following conditions:

• The number of prime factors of n (not necessarily distinct) is at most primeFactors.
• The number of nice divisors of n is maximized. Note that a divisor of n is nice if it is divisible by every prime factor of n. For example, if n = 12, then its prime factors are [2,2,3], then 6 and 12 are nice divisors, while 3 and 4 are not.

Return the number of nice divisors of n. Since that number can be too large, return it modulo 109 + 7.

Note that a prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. The prime factors of a number n is a list of prime numbers such that their product equals n.

 

Example 1:

Input: primeFactors = 5

Output: 6

Explanation: 200 is a valid value of n.

It has 5 prime factors: [2,2,2,5,5], and it has 6 nice divisors: [10,20,40,50,100,200].

There is not other value of n that has at most 5 prime factors and more nice divisors.

Example 2:

Input: primeFactors = 8

Output: 18

 

Constraints:

• 1 <= primeFactors <= 109

Solutions

Solution 1: Problem Transformation + Fast Power

We can factorize $n$ into prime factors, i.e., $n = a_1^{k_1} \times a_2^{k_2} \times\cdots \times a_m^{k_m}$, where $a_i$ is a prime factor and $k_i$ is the exponent of the prime factor $a_i$. Since the number of prime factors of $n$ does not exceed primeFactors, we have $k_1 + k_2 + \cdots + k_m \leq primeFactors$.

According to the problem description, we know that a good factor of $n$ must be divisible by all prime factors, which means that a good factor of $n$ needs to include $a_1 \times a_2 \times \cdots \times a_m$ as a factor. Then the number of good factors $k= k_1 \times k_2 \times \cdots \times k_m$, i.e., $k$ is the product of $k_1, k_2, \cdots, k_m$. To maximize the number of good factors, we need to split primeFactors into $k_1, k_2, \cdots, k_m$ to make $k_1 \times k_2 \times \cdots \times k_m$ the largest. Therefore, the problem is transformed into: split the integer primeFactors into the product of several integers to maximize the product.

Next, we just need to discuss different cases.

• If $primeFactors \lt 4$, then directly return primeFactors.
• If $primeFactors$ is a multiple of $3$, then we split primeFactors into multiples of $3$, i.e., $3^{\frac{primeFactors}{3}}$.
• If $primeFactors$ modulo $3$ equals $1$, then we split primeFactors into $\frac{primeFactors}{3} - 1$ multiples of $3$, and then multiply by $4$, i.e., $3^{\frac{primeFactors}{3} - 1} \times 4$.
• If $primeFactors$ modulo $3$ equals $2$, then we split primeFactors into $\frac{primeFactors}{3}$ multiples of $3$, and then multiply by $2$, i.e., $3^{\frac{primeFactors}{3}} \times 2$.

In the above process, we use fast power to calculate the modulus.

The time complexity is $O(\log n)$, and the space complexity is $O(1)$.

Python3JavaC++GoJavaScript

class Solution:
    def maxNiceDivisors(self, primeFactors: int) -> int:
        mod = 10**9 + 7
        if primeFactors < 4:
            return primeFactors
        if primeFactors % 3 == 0:
            return pow(3, primeFactors // 3, mod) % mod
        if primeFactors % 3 == 1:
            return 4 * pow(3, primeFactors // 3 - 1, mod) % mod
        return 2 * pow(3, primeFactors // 3, mod) % mod

class Solution {
    private final int mod = (int) 1e9 + 7;

    public int maxNiceDivisors(int primeFactors) {
        if (primeFactors < 4) {
            return primeFactors;
        }
        if (primeFactors % 3 == 0) {
            return qpow(3, primeFactors / 3);
        }
        if (primeFactors % 3 == 1) {
            return (int) (4L * qpow(3, primeFactors / 3 - 1) % mod);
        }
        return 2 * qpow(3, primeFactors / 3) % mod;
    }

    private int qpow(long a, long n) {
        long ans = 1;
        for (; n > 0; n >>= 1) {
            if ((n & 1) == 1) {
                ans = ans * a % mod;
            }
            a = a * a % mod;
        }
        return (int) ans;
    }
}

class Solution {
public:
    int maxNiceDivisors(int primeFactors) {
        if (primeFactors < 4) {
            return primeFactors;
        }
        const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
        auto qpow = [&](long long a, long long n) {
            long long ans = 1;
            for (; n; n >>= 1) {
                if (n & 1) {
                    ans = ans * a % mod;
                }
                a = a * a % mod;
            }
            return (int) ans;
        };
        if (primeFactors % 3 == 0) {
            return qpow(3, primeFactors / 3);
        }
        if (primeFactors % 3 == 1) {
            return qpow(3, primeFactors / 3 - 1) * 4L % mod;
        }
        return qpow(3, primeFactors / 3) * 2 % mod;
    }
};

func maxNiceDivisors(primeFactors int) int {
    if primeFactors < 4 {
        return primeFactors
    }
    const mod = 1e9 + 7
    qpow := func(a, n int) int {
        ans := 1
        for ; n > 0; n >>= 1 {
            if n&1 == 1 {
                ans = ans * a % mod
            }
            a = a * a % mod
        }
        return ans
    }
    if primeFactors%3 == 0 {
        return qpow(3, primeFactors/3)
    }
    if primeFactors%3 == 1 {
        return qpow(3, primeFactors/3-1) * 4 % mod
    }
    return qpow(3, primeFactors/3) * 2 % mod
}

/**
 * @param {number} primeFactors
 * @return {number}
 */
var maxNiceDivisors = function (primeFactors) {
    if (primeFactors < 4) {
        return primeFactors;
    }
    const mod = 1e9 + 7;
    const qpow = (a, n) => {
        let ans = 1;
        for (; n; n >>= 1) {
            if (n & 1) {
                ans = Number((BigInt(ans) * BigInt(a)) % BigInt(mod));
            }
            a = Number((BigInt(a) * BigInt(a)) % BigInt(mod));
        }
        return ans;
    };
    const k = Math.floor(primeFactors / 3);
    if (primeFactors % 3 === 0) {
        return qpow(3, k);
    }
    if (primeFactors % 3 === 1) {
        return (4 * qpow(3, k - 1)) % mod;
    }
    return (2 * qpow(3, k)) % mod;
};

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