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734. 句子相似性 🔒

题目描述

我们可以将一个句子表示为一个单词数组,例如,句子 "I am happy with leetcode" 可以表示为 arr = ["I","am",happy","with","leetcode"]

给定两个句子 sentence1sentence2 分别表示为一个字符串数组,并给定一个字符串对 similarPairs ,其中 similarPairs[i] = [xi, yi] 表示两个单词 xi and yi 是相似的。

如果 sentence1sentence2 相似则返回 true ,如果不相似则返回 false

两个句子是相似的,如果:

  • 它们具有 相同的长度 (即相同的字数)
  • sentence1[i] 和 sentence2[i] 是相似的

请注意,一个词总是与它自己相似,也请注意,相似关系是不可传递的。例如,如果单词 ab 是相似的,单词 bc 也是相似的,那么 ac  不一定相似

 

示例 1:

输入: sentence1 = ["great","acting","skills"], sentence2 = ["fine","drama","talent"], similarPairs = [["great","fine"],["drama","acting"],["skills","talent"]]
输出: true
解释: 这两个句子长度相同,每个单词都相似。

示例 2:

输入: sentence1 = ["great"], sentence2 = ["great"], similarPairs = []
输出: true
解释: 一个单词和它本身相似。

示例 3:

输入: sentence1 = ["great"], sentence2 = ["doubleplus","good"], similarPairs = [["great","doubleplus"]]
输出: false
解释: 因为它们长度不同,所以返回false。

 

提示:

  • 1 <= sentence1.length, sentence2.length <= 1000
  • 1 <= sentence1[i].length, sentence2[i].length <= 20
  • sentence1[i] 和 sentence2[i] 只包含大小写英文字母
  • 0 <= similarPairs.length <= 2000
  • similarPairs[i].length == 2
  • 1 <= xi.length, yi.length <= 20
  • 所有对 (xi, yi) 都是 不同

解法

方法一:哈希表

我们首先判断 \(\textit{sentence1}\)\(\textit{sentence2}\) 的长度是否相等,如果不相等则返回 \(\text{false}\)

然后我们使用一个哈希表 \(\textit{s}\) 来存储所有相似的单词对,对于 \(\textit{similarPairs}\) 中的每一个单词对 \([x, y]\),我们将 \(x\)\(y\) 加入到哈希表 \(\textit{s}\) 中。

接下来我们遍历 \(\textit{sentence1}\)\(\textit{sentence2}\),对于每一个位置 \(i\),如果 \(\textit{sentence1}[i]\) 不等于 \(\textit{sentence2}[i]\),并且 \((\textit{sentence1}[i], \textit{sentence2}[i])\)\((\textit{sentence2}[i], \textit{sentence1}[i])\) 都不在哈希表 \(\textit{s}\) 中,那么返回 \(\text{false}\)

如果遍历结束后都没有返回 \(\text{false}\),说明 \(\textit{sentence1}\)\(\textit{sentence2}\) 是相似的,返回 \(\text{true}\)

时间复杂度 \(O(L)\),空间复杂度 \(O(L)\),其中 \(L\) 为题目中所有字符串的长度之和。

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class Solution:
    def areSentencesSimilar(
        self, sentence1: List[str], sentence2: List[str], similarPairs: List[List[str]]
    ) -> bool:
        if len(sentence1) != len(sentence2):
            return False
        s = {(x, y) for x, y in similarPairs}
        for x, y in zip(sentence1, sentence2):
            if x != y and (x, y) not in s and (y, x) not in s:
                return False
        return True
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class Solution {
    public boolean areSentencesSimilar(
        String[] sentence1, String[] sentence2, List<List<String>> similarPairs) {
        if (sentence1.length != sentence2.length) {
            return false;
        }
        Set<List<String>> s = new HashSet<>();
        for (var p : similarPairs) {
            s.add(p);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < sentence1.length; i++) {
            if (!sentence1[i].equals(sentence2[i])
                && !s.contains(List.of(sentence1[i], sentence2[i]))
                && !s.contains(List.of(sentence2[i], sentence1[i]))) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
}
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class Solution {
public:
    bool areSentencesSimilar(vector<string>& sentence1, vector<string>& sentence2, vector<vector<string>>& similarPairs) {
        if (sentence1.size() != sentence2.size()) {
            return false;
        }
        unordered_set<string> s;
        for (const auto& p : similarPairs) {
            s.insert(p[0] + "#" + p[1]);
            s.insert(p[1] + "#" + p[0]);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < sentence1.size(); ++i) {
            if (sentence1[i] != sentence2[i] && !s.contains(sentence1[i] + "#" + sentence2[i])) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
};
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func areSentencesSimilar(sentence1 []string, sentence2 []string, similarPairs [][]string) bool {
    if len(sentence1) != len(sentence2) {
        return false
    }
    s := map[string]bool{}
    for _, p := range similarPairs {
        s[p[0]+"#"+p[1]] = true
    }
    for i, x := range sentence1 {
        y := sentence2[i]
        if x != y && !s[x+"#"+y] && !s[y+"#"+x] {
            return false
        }
    }
    return true
}
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function areSentencesSimilar(
    sentence1: string[],
    sentence2: string[],
    similarPairs: string[][],
): boolean {
    if (sentence1.length !== sentence2.length) {
        return false;
    }
    const s = new Set<string>();
    for (const [x, y] of similarPairs) {
        s.add(x + '#' + y);
        s.add(y + '#' + x);
    }
    for (let i = 0; i < sentence1.length; i++) {
        if (sentence1[i] !== sentence2[i] && !s.has(sentence1[i] + '#' + sentence2[i])) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}
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use std::collections::HashSet;

impl Solution {
    pub fn are_sentences_similar(
        sentence1: Vec<String>,
        sentence2: Vec<String>,
        similar_pairs: Vec<Vec<String>>,
    ) -> bool {
        if sentence1.len() != sentence2.len() {
            return false;
        }

        let s: HashSet<(String, String)> = similar_pairs
            .into_iter()
            .map(|pair| (pair[0].clone(), pair[1].clone()))
            .collect();

        for (x, y) in sentence1.iter().zip(sentence2.iter()) {
            if x != y
                && !s.contains(&(x.clone(), y.clone()))
                && !s.contains(&(y.clone(), x.clone()))
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        true
    }
}
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/**
 * @param {string[]} sentence1
 * @param {string[]} sentence2
 * @param {string[][]} similarPairs
 * @return {boolean}
 */
var areSentencesSimilar = function (sentence1, sentence2, similarPairs) {
    if (sentence1.length !== sentence2.length) {
        return false;
    }
    const s = new Set();
    for (const [x, y] of similarPairs) {
        s.add(x + '#' + y);
        s.add(y + '#' + x);
    }
    for (let i = 0; i < sentence1.length; i++) {
        if (sentence1[i] !== sentence2[i] && !s.has(sentence1[i] + '#' + sentence2[i])) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
};

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