题目描述
给你一个整数数组 nums
,请你找出一个具有最大和的连续子数组(子数组最少包含一个元素),返回其最大和。
子数组 是数组中的一个连续部分。
示例 1:
输入:nums = [-2,1,-3,4,-1,2,1,-5,4]
输出:6
解释:连续子数组 [4,-1,2,1] 的和最大,为 6 。
示例 2:
输入:nums = [1]
输出:1
示例 3:
输入:nums = [5,4,-1,7,8]
输出:23
提示:
1 <= nums.length <= 105
-104 <= nums[i] <= 104
进阶:如果你已经实现复杂度为 O(n)
的解法,尝试使用更为精妙的 分治法 求解。
解法
方法一:动态规划
我们定义 $f[i]$ 表示以元素 $\textit{nums}[i]$ 为结尾的连续子数组的最大和,初始时 $f[0] = \textit{nums}[0]$,那么最终我们要求的答案即为 $\max_{0 \leq i < n} f[i]$。
考虑 $f[i]$,其中 $i \geq 1$,它的状态转移方程为:
$$
f[i] = \max(f[i - 1] + \textit{nums}[i], \textit{nums}[i])
$$
也即:
$$
f[i] = \max(f[i - 1], 0) + \textit{nums}[i]
$$
由于 $f[i]$ 只与 $f[i - 1]$ 有关系,因此我们可以只用一个变量 $f$ 来维护对于当前 $f[i]$ 的值是多少,然后进行状态转移即可。答案为 $\max_{0 \leq i < n} f$。
时间复杂度 $O(n)$,其中 $n$ 为数组 $\textit{nums}$ 的长度。空间复杂度 $O(1)$。
| class Solution:
def maxSubArray(self, nums: List[int]) -> int:
ans = f = nums[0]
for x in nums[1:]:
f = max(f, 0) + x
ans = max(ans, f)
return ans
|
| class Solution {
public int maxSubArray(int[] nums) {
int ans = nums[0];
for (int i = 1, f = nums[0]; i < nums.length; ++i) {
f = Math.max(f, 0) + nums[i];
ans = Math.max(ans, f);
}
return ans;
}
}
|
| class Solution {
public:
int maxSubArray(vector<int>& nums) {
int ans = nums[0], f = nums[0];
for (int i = 1; i < nums.size(); ++i) {
f = max(f, 0) + nums[i];
ans = max(ans, f);
}
return ans;
}
};
|
| func maxSubArray(nums []int) int {
ans, f := nums[0], nums[0]
for _, x := range nums[1:] {
f = max(f, 0) + x
ans = max(ans, f)
}
return ans
}
|
| function maxSubArray(nums: number[]): number {
let [ans, f] = [nums[0], nums[0]];
for (let i = 1; i < nums.length; ++i) {
f = Math.max(f, 0) + nums[i];
ans = Math.max(ans, f);
}
return ans;
}
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12 | impl Solution {
pub fn max_sub_array(nums: Vec<i32>) -> i32 {
let n = nums.len();
let mut ans = nums[0];
let mut f = nums[0];
for i in 1..n {
f = f.max(0) + nums[i];
ans = ans.max(f);
}
ans
}
}
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12 | /**
* @param {number[]} nums
* @return {number}
*/
var maxSubArray = function (nums) {
let [ans, f] = [nums[0], nums[0]];
for (let i = 1; i < nums.length; ++i) {
f = Math.max(f, 0) + nums[i];
ans = Math.max(ans, f);
}
return ans;
};
|
| public class Solution {
public int MaxSubArray(int[] nums) {
int ans = nums[0], f = nums[0];
for (int i = 1; i < nums.Length; ++i) {
f = Math.Max(f, 0) + nums[i];
ans = Math.Max(ans, f);
}
return ans;
}
}
|
方法二
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24 | class Solution:
def maxSubArray(self, nums: List[int]) -> int:
def crossMaxSub(nums, left, mid, right):
lsum = rsum = 0
lmx = rmx = -inf
for i in range(mid, left - 1, -1):
lsum += nums[i]
lmx = max(lmx, lsum)
for i in range(mid + 1, right + 1):
rsum += nums[i]
rmx = max(rmx, rsum)
return lmx + rmx
def maxSub(nums, left, right):
if left == right:
return nums[left]
mid = (left + right) >> 1
lsum = maxSub(nums, left, mid)
rsum = maxSub(nums, mid + 1, right)
csum = crossMaxSub(nums, left, mid, right)
return max(lsum, rsum, csum)
left, right = 0, len(nums) - 1
return maxSub(nums, left, right)
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29 | class Solution {
public int maxSubArray(int[] nums) {
return maxSub(nums, 0, nums.length - 1);
}
private int maxSub(int[] nums, int left, int right) {
if (left == right) {
return nums[left];
}
int mid = (left + right) >>> 1;
int lsum = maxSub(nums, left, mid);
int rsum = maxSub(nums, mid + 1, right);
return Math.max(Math.max(lsum, rsum), crossMaxSub(nums, left, mid, right));
}
private int crossMaxSub(int[] nums, int left, int mid, int right) {
int lsum = 0, rsum = 0;
int lmx = Integer.MIN_VALUE, rmx = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
for (int i = mid; i >= left; --i) {
lsum += nums[i];
lmx = Math.max(lmx, lsum);
}
for (int i = mid + 1; i <= right; ++i) {
rsum += nums[i];
rmx = Math.max(rmx, rsum);
}
return lmx + rmx;
}
}
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