题目描述
给定一个整数数组 nums
和一个整数目标值 target
,请你在该数组中找出 和为目标值 target
的那 两个 整数,并返回它们的数组下标。
你可以假设每种输入只会对应一个答案,并且你不能使用两次相同的元素。
你可以按任意顺序返回答案。
示例 1:
输入:nums = [2,7,11,15], target = 9
输出:[0,1]
解释:因为 nums[0] + nums[1] == 9 ,返回 [0, 1] 。
示例 2:
输入:nums = [3,2,4], target = 6
输出:[1,2]
示例 3:
输入:nums = [3,3], target = 6
输出:[0,1]
提示:
2 <= nums.length <= 104
-109 <= nums[i] <= 109
-109 <= target <= 109
- 只会存在一个有效答案
进阶:你可以想出一个时间复杂度小于 O(n2)
的算法吗?
解法
方法一:哈希表
我们可以使用一个哈希表 $\textit{d}$ 来存储每个元素及其对应的索引。
遍历数组 $\textit{nums}$,对于当前元素 $\textit{nums}[i]$,我们首先判断 $\textit{target} - \textit{nums}[i]$ 是否在哈希表 $\textit{d}$ 中,如果在 $\textit{d}$ 中,说明 $\textit{target}$ 值已经找到,返回 $\textit{target} - \textit{nums}[i]$ 的索引和 $i$ 即可。
时间复杂度 $O(n)$,空间复杂度 $O(n)$,其中 $n$ 为数组 $\textit{nums}$ 的长度。
| class Solution:
def twoSum(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> List[int]:
d = {}
for i, x in enumerate(nums):
y = target - x
if y in d:
return [d[y], i]
d[x] = i
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13 | class Solution {
public int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
Map<Integer, Integer> d = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0;; ++i) {
int x = nums[i];
int y = target - x;
if (d.containsKey(y)) {
return new int[] {d.get(y), i};
}
d.put(x, i);
}
}
}
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14 | class Solution {
public:
vector<int> twoSum(vector<int>& nums, int target) {
unordered_map<int, int> d;
for (int i = 0;; ++i) {
int x = nums[i];
int y = target - x;
if (d.contains(y)) {
return {d[y], i};
}
d[x] = i;
}
}
};
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| func twoSum(nums []int, target int) []int {
d := map[int]int{}
for i := 0; ; i++ {
x := nums[i]
y := target - x
if j, ok := d[y]; ok {
return []int{j, i}
}
d[x] = i
}
}
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| function twoSum(nums: number[], target: number): number[] {
const d = new Map<number, number>();
for (let i = 0; ; ++i) {
const x = nums[i];
const y = target - x;
if (d.has(y)) {
return [d.get(y)!, i];
}
d.set(x, i);
}
}
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15 | use std::collections::HashMap;
impl Solution {
pub fn two_sum(nums: Vec<i32>, target: i32) -> Vec<i32> {
let mut d = HashMap::new();
for (i, &x) in nums.iter().enumerate() {
let y = target - x;
if let Some(&j) = d.get(&y) {
return vec![j as i32, i as i32];
}
d.insert(x, i);
}
vec![]
}
}
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16 | /**
* @param {number[]} nums
* @param {number} target
* @return {number[]}
*/
var twoSum = function (nums, target) {
const d = new Map();
for (let i = 0; ; ++i) {
const x = nums[i];
const y = target - x;
if (d.has(y)) {
return [d.get(y), i];
}
d.set(x, i);
}
};
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15 | public class Solution {
public int[] TwoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
var d = new Dictionary<int, int>();
for (int i = 0, j; ; ++i) {
int x = nums[i];
int y = target - x;
if (d.TryGetValue(y, out j)) {
return new [] {j, i};
}
if (!d.ContainsKey(x)) {
d.Add(x, i);
}
}
}
}
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17 | class Solution {
/**
* @param Integer[] $nums
* @param Integer $target
* @return Integer[]
*/
function twoSum($nums, $target) {
$d = [];
foreach ($nums as $i => $x) {
$y = $target - $x;
if (isset($d[$y])) {
return [$d[$y], $i];
}
$d[$x] = $i;
}
}
}
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18 | import scala.collection.mutable
object Solution {
def twoSum(nums: Array[Int], target: Int): Array[Int] = {
val d = mutable.Map[Int, Int]()
var ans: Array[Int] = Array()
for (i <- nums.indices if ans.isEmpty) {
val x = nums(i)
val y = target - x
if (d.contains(y)) {
ans = Array(d(y), i)
} else {
d(x) = i
}
}
ans
}
}
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13 | class Solution {
func twoSum(_ nums: [Int], _ target: Int) -> [Int] {
var d = [Int: Int]()
for (i, x) in nums.enumerated() {
let y = target - x
if let j = d[y] {
return [j, i]
}
d[x] = i
}
return []
}
}
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13 | # @param {Integer[]} nums
# @param {Integer} target
# @return {Integer[]}
def two_sum(nums, target)
d = {}
nums.each_with_index do |x, i|
y = target - x
if d.key?(y)
return [d[y], i]
end
d[x] = i
end
end
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| import std/enumerate
import std/tables
proc twoSum(nums: seq[int], target: int): seq[int] =
var d = initTable[int, int]()
for i, x in nums.pairs():
let y = target - x
if d.hasKey(y):
return @[d[y], i]
d[x] = i
return @[]
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14 | class Solution {
fun twoSum(nums: IntArray, target: Int): IntArray {
val m = mutableMapOf<Int, Int>()
nums.forEachIndexed { i, x ->
val y = target - x
val j = m.get(y)
if (j != null) {
return intArrayOf(j, i)
}
m[x] = i
}
return intArrayOf()
}
}
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